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St Austell
St Austell (; (コーンウォール語:S. Austel)) is a civil parish and major town in Cornwall, England, UK. It is situated on the south coast, approximately south of Bodmin and west of the border with Devon.〔Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 200 ''Newquay & Bodmin'' ISBN 978-0-319-22938-5〕
St Austell is one of the largest towns in Cornwall; in the 2011 Census, St Austell civil parish had a population of 19,958,〔Office for National Statistics, Key Figures for 2011 Census: Key Statistics, Area: St Austell (Parish)〕 with a total of 34,700 living in the wider area comprising several other civil parishes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cornwall.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=31822 )〕
==History==
One of the earliest references to St Austell is in John Leland's ''Itinerary'', where he says "At S. Austelles is nothing notable but the paroch chirch".
Not long after William Cookworthy discovered china clay at Tregonning hill in west Cornwall, the same mineral was found in greater quantity in Hensbarrow downs north of St Austell. Clay mining soon took over from tin and copper mining as the principal industry in the area, and this eventually contributed enormously to the growth of the town. The clay industry really only came into its own during the mid 19th to early 20th century, at a time when the falling prices of tin and other metals forced many mines to close down or convert to clay mining. The success and high profitability of the industry attracted many families whose breadwinner had been put out of work by the depression in the local metal mining industry, and increased the population of the town considerably. This meant that more shops and businesses took root, providing more jobs and improving trade. This, along with other factors, led to St Austell becoming one of the ten most important commercial centres of Cornwall.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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